Human bone marrow organoids: emerging progress but persisting challenges

Organoid systems hold promise as miniaturized in vitro platforms that model developmental and pathological processes. However, the engineering of human bone marrow organoids (BMOs) has been a long-standing challenge. Recently, the field has witnessed the emergence of BMO-like systems, a potential paradigm shift for the study of human hematopoiesis and associated niche elements. Published protocols rely on the mesodermal induction of iPSCs, establishing mesenchymal–vascular–hematopoietic tiss