How to move your notes and other stuff out of Evernote

Evernote has long been the go-to application for taking notes, tracking documents, organizing projects, and generally being the place to put anything you might want to find later.
However, in the last few years, Evernote’s reputation has suffered due to an aging interface, increased fees, a series of layoffs, and a new CEO. While there are no indications that the application is going away any time soon, and it still boasts (according to most accounts) a couple hundred million users, it do