The Bottom of the Barrel of Science Fraud

Sometimes, scientific misconduct is so blatant as to be comical. I recently came across an example of this on Twitter. The following is an image from a paper published in the Journal of Materials Chemistry C:As pointed out on PubPeer, this image - which is supposed to be an electron microscope image of some carbon dot (CD) nanoparticles - is an obvious fake. The "dots" are identical, and have clearly been cut-and-pasted. Where one copy has been placed over the top of another, the overlap