When does Time Machine delete files that you’ve deleted from your Mac?

One of the key reasons to have a continuously running backup, whether to local storage or a cloud-backed provider, is to restore files you accidentally delete. Macworld reader Helena is trying to understand under what circumstances Time Capsule allows recovering a deleted file.She wonders about a scenario in which with Time Machine active she:
Deletes a number of files from her Mac.
Performs a manual Time Machine backup.
Erases her Mac.
Restores it to another Mac.Will the files deleted in step