Brands shift marketing effectiveness focus from justification to learning

Inflation is rising, interest rates are on the up and consumer confidence is on a knife edge, all of which means 2018 will be a difficult year for marketing. Media agency groups including GroupM and Zenith Optimedia have cut their growth forecasts, while the major agency holding groups are seeing revenue growth either slow or decline as advertisers, in particular in FMCG, tighten their belts.
Given this background, it is little surprise that companies want to better understand the return on mark