Adaptive Reuse: How Many Lives Can a Building Have?

One Vanderbilt / KPF. View from the East River. Topping out, September 2019. Image © Raimund KochLe Corbusier's Unité d'Habitation imagined a "vertical neighborhood," a building able to integrate housing, commerce, leisure, and collective spaces within a single structural organism. Around the same time, Jane Jacobs argued that diversity of use is what produces safety, identity, and social life at the street level. Later, Rem Koolhaas, in Delirious New York, described the skyscraper a