Machine Learning and where is it used?

Lately, there has been a lot of discussion about the direction in which artificial intelligence is going and how much good and bad it brings to us as humans. It is questionable if machine learning will, eventually, reach a stage where human minds might become obsolete.
But, there is one thing that we can say with certainty; there has been an exponential growth regarding artificial intelligence in the last couple of years. And, one of the main aspects of said intelligence is machine learning.
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